Here are six examples that demonstrate how the images in Artstor on JSTOR enhance the teaching and learning of literature, along with two case studies from a professor at UC Irvine and an educator at the Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Hilary Mantel and the court of Henry VIII: putting pictures to words

The temptation to illustrate Hilary Mantel’s Wolf Hall trilogy is irresistible given her invocation of the painter “Hans” (the actual historical figure of Hans Holbein the Younger). In the author’s own words: “He [Holbein] peoples the early Tudor court for us.” Since the artist was so prolific and precise as a portraitist, his likenesses provide a visual Who’s Who to Mantel’s narrative.

This image is a portrait of Thomas Cromwell, painted by Hans Holbein the Younger around 1532-1533. Cromwell is depicted seated, facing left, wearing dark clothing with a fur collar and a black hat. His expression is serious and contemplative. He holds a paper in his right hand, while various items, including a letter and a small ornate box, are arranged on a green-covered table in front of him. The background is dark with a subtle patterned design. The painting captures the somber, calculating demeanor often associated with Cromwell, a key advisor to King Henry VIII of England.
Hans Holbein the Younger. Thomas Cromwell. c. 1532-1533. Image and data from The Frick Collection.
A painting by Hans Holbein the Younger titled 'The Ambassadors', depicting two men, Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve, standing side-by-side in front of a table covered with objects, including a globe, a skull distorted by anamorphic perspective, and various scholarly items, symbolizing their high social status and the fleeting nature of life.
Hans Holbein the Younger. Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve (‘The Ambassadors’). 1533. Oil on oak. Image and data from The National Gallery, London.
A book cover of Art in England: The Saxons to the Tudors: 600-1600. Written by Sara N. James.
Art in England: The Saxons to the Tudors: 600-1600. Sara N. James. 2016.

The Museum of Natural History in The Catcher in the Rye

As Holden Caulfield walks to the Museum of Natural History, he reminisces about his previous visits on class trips. He says that what he likes about the museum is how life is trapped in its exhibits, unchanged and unchangeable in contrast to the changes that he has experienced between visits. Artstor on JSTOR gives you a peek of what the museum looked like to the novel’s antihero.

A black-and-white photograph depicting a group of children and adults gathered around North West Coast Canoe displayed in a museum setting. The canoe features detailed artwork with traditional motifs, and several lifelike mannequins dressed in ceremonial attire are positioned in and around the canoe, recreating a historical or cultural scene. The museum walls display additional artifacts and exhibits, creating an educational environment.
Children viewing North West Coast Canoe, 77th Street Foyer, 1962, American Museum of Natural History, Photographer: Alex J. Rota. Image and original data provided by Library, American Museum of Natural History.
A black-and-white photograph of Raymond B. Potter preparing birds for mounting in a workshop. He is seated at a table, meticulously painting or shaping details on a bird specimen. Surrounding him are various mounted bird models in dynamic poses, some perched and others appearing to be in flight, supported by wooden frames. The workspace includes tools, brushes, and bowls, emphasizing the intricate craftsmanship involved in the process.
Raymond B. Potter prepares birds for mounting, 1939, American Museum of Natural History, Photographer: Charles H. Coles. Image and original data provided by Library, American Museum of Natural History.

Shopping paradise: Émile Zola and the world’s first department store

Zola, often credited as one of the shrewdest observers of 19th-century French society, did not choose the setting for his novel The Ladies’ Paradise arbitrarily. At the time, the department store had become one of the most iconic features of modern Parisian life.

A detailed black-and-white illustration of the grand interior of a 19th-century department store, showcasing multiple levels of ornate ironwork balconies and staircases. The space is bustling with elegantly dressed shoppers, primarily in Victorian-era attire, exploring the merchandise on display. The architectural design includes intricate railings, large chandeliers, and high ceilings with a glass skylight, creating an atmosphere of opulence and sophistication. The scene captures the vibrancy and elegance of a historic shopping experience.
Gustave Eiffel; Louis Auguste Boileau, Le Bon Marché, 1876. Image and catalog data provided by Allan T. Kohl, Minneapolis College of Art and Design.
A vintage 1895 girl's party dress with an ivory hue. The dress features intricate lacework around the neckline, sleeves, and bodice, with a smocked high collar. Puff sleeves are adorned with ribbon bows, and the skirt has subtle pleats and embroidery near the hemline.
Au Bon Marché/Maison A. Boucicaut, Girl’s Dress, 1895. Image and original data from the Brooklyn Museum, Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
A black and white photo of Wurts Bros., 55th Street and 5th Avenue. Bonwit Teller and Co.; entrance detail, 1930. Museum of the City of New York.
Wurts Bros., 55th Street and 5th Avenue. Bonwit Teller and Co.; entrance detail, 1930. Museum of the City of New York.

Dostoevsky and the challenge of Hans Holbein’s “Dead Christ”

On the way to Geneva for his honeymoon, Fyodor Dostoevsky and his new wife stopped in Basel for a day and visited its museum. It was there that the famed writer had an unsettling encounter with an artwork that would soon appear in one of his most esteemed novels.

Portrait of Fyodor Dostoevsky by Vasily Perov.
Vasily Perov. Portrait of Fyodor Dostoevsky. 1872. Image and original data provided by SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y., artres.com, scalarchives.com
The cover of “Lost in the Fatherland” by Guan Frank.
Guan, Frank. “Lost in the Fatherland.” The Baffler, May 2019.
The cover of "The Idiot" by Fyodor Dostoevsky.
Dostoevsky, Fyodor. The Idiot. Project Gutenberg.

William Blake: the original fan artist

While William Blake published poetry and his illustrations of those poems are wholly original works, he spent the majority of his career drawing and painting scenes from works by other authors—such as Shakespeare, Milton, Chaucer, and Dante. In fact, it might be said that Blake spent a lot of his time working on what we now call “fan art.”

A mystical artwork by William Blake, circa 1795, titled "Pity." The scene depicts a celestial figure with flowing hair, draped in ethereal robes, riding a galloping white horse. The figure gracefully reaches downward, cradling a small, delicate child. Below, a reclining figure lies peacefully on the ground, wrapped in a soft shroud, surrounded by an otherworldly blue and green landscape. The composition conveys a sense of movement, compassion, and transcendence.
William Blake. Pity. 1795. The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
An intricate artwork by William Blake, titled "Satan Watching the Caresses of Adam and Eve," created in 1808. The composition depicts a celestial scene with Adam and Eve seated amidst a lush, floral paradise, embracing each other tenderly. Above them, Satan hovers ominously, entwined with a serpent and surrounded by a cosmic backdrop of stars and a crescent moon. The work is rich in symbolic elements, blending themes of love, temptation, and celestial oversight, highlighted by Blake's distinctive, detailed style.
William Blake. Satan Watching the Caresses of Adam and Eve. 1808. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
A dynamic and intricate illustration by William Blake, depicting the "Circle of the Lustful" from Dante's *Inferno*. The image portrays swirling, intertwined figures caught in a turbulent whirlwind, symbolizing the eternal punishment of the lustful. The figures are rendered with delicate lines and expressive postures, capturing their anguish and longing. The composition emphasizes movement and chaos, creating a haunting and emotional representation of the torment of unrestrained passion.
William Blake. The Circle of the Lustful. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

A masterpiece of vulgarity, scatological humor, and violence: Pantagruel illustrated

Published around 1532, François Rabelais’ Pantagruel chronicled the outrageous adventures of the giants Gargantua and Pantagruel and friends. In spite (or possibly because) of being condemned by the church and deemed obscene by censors, the book proved very popular. Four centuries later, André Derain started illustrating the story in a series of woodcuts that would become a highlight in the history of modern illustrated books.

A colorful illustration by André Derain, from 1943, depicting a whimsical and stylized figure with a single eye at the center of their forehead, reclining against a backdrop of blue mountain shapes. The figure has bright orange hair, a green and yellow outfit, and expressive gestures, creating a playful and surreal atmosphere.
André Derain. Pg. 16 in the book Pantagruel by François Rabelais, 1943. Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco Collection.
A vibrant illustration by André Derain, from 1943, titled "Plaideurs." The image features two stylized figures in medieval-inspired attire, engaging in a conversation. The figure on the left wears a green and orange outfit with a teal hat, while the figure on the right dons a green striped garment and a pointed hat, gesturing with their hands. The composition is framed with bold outlines and warm tones, creating a scene rich with narrative potential and playful abstraction.
André Derain. Pg. 70 in the book Pantagruel by François Rabelais, 1943. Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco.

Case studies

A Shakespeare gallery

Julia Reinhard Lupton, Professor of English and Comparative Literature, The University of California, Irvine
Artstor on JSTOR has changed the way I teach Shakespeare. Images of the Globe Theater and panoramic maps of Elizabethan London set the stage for our engagement with the plays. When teaching The Merchant of Venice and Othello, I use paintings by Venetian artists to introduce students to this city of canals, carnival, and liturgical spectacle…

A watercolor illustration of the original Globe Theatre, showcasing its iconic octagonal structure. The timber-framed design features a thatched roof with red accents and a flag flying from the central tower. The open-air design reveals a view of the stage, complete with curtains and a checkered floor, surrounded by tiered galleries for audience seating. The artwork highlights the architectural details of this historic Elizabethan playhouse, blending soft colors and intricate lines.
The original Globe Playhouse, 1599-1613. Image courtesy of University of Pennsylvania: Furness Theatrical Images Collection.
A detailed pen-and-ink sketch of the interior of the Globe Theatre, depicting its structural layout and labeled components. The central stage is surrounded by a circular gallery, supported by ornate columns. Key areas are marked, including the "Musicians' Gallery," "Lords' Room (and/or Upper Stage)," "Tiring House," and entrances. The open-air structure captures the architectural elegance of the Elizabethan era, with intricate designs and a prominent flag atop the central stage, signifying an ongoing performance. The drawing emphasizes functional and decorative aspects of the historic playhouse.
Globe Theatre (Southwark, London, England), Ref.: development 1580-90(i): possible intermediate steps in the early development of English theaters.
A detailed 16th-century map illustration of Venice, showcasing the city's unique layout amidst the lagoon. The map highlights Venice's winding canals, densely packed architecture, and surrounding islands. Numerous ships and boats sail across the vibrant blue waters, emphasizing the city's role as a maritime hub. Key landmarks and areas, such as St. Mark's Basilica and other notable buildings, are visible. The perspective blends a bird's-eye view with artistic embellishments, capturing the beauty and significance of Venice during the Renaissance era.
Venice. Map of City. 16th C.

Enhancing children’s literature with Artstor on JSTOR

Margaret Teillon, volunteer educator, Philadelphia Museum of Art
Recognizing the joy children bring to picture books, I have developed teaching materials using selected children’s literature combined with Artstor on JSTOR images. My goal is to enhance literacy instruction and provide an interdisciplinary method of teaching social studies, language arts, and art appreciation.

An artwork by Jacob Lawrence from the *Migration Series* (1940–1941), illustrating a group of people in motion. The composition features silhouetted figures, some carrying bags and belongings, moving purposefully across a textured brown background. The use of bold colors like green, yellow, red, and black emphasizes the figures and their collective journey. In the background, smaller groups sit, symbolizing rest or waiting. The piece powerfully conveys themes of migration, resilience, and determination through its stylized forms and dynamic arrangement.
Jacob Lawrence, The migration gained in momentum, 1940-41. Image and original data provided by The Museum of Modern Art. © 2008 Estate of Gwendolyn Knight Lawrence / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.
A powerful black-and-white photograph of Martin Luther King Jr. addresses the largest peace demonstration in history at the United Nations Plaza.
Bob Adelman, Martin Luther King Jr. addresses the largest peace demonstration in history at the United Nations Plaza., April 15, 1967. Image and original data provided by Magnum Photos | ©Bob Adelman / Magnum Photos.
A dynamic artwork by Jacob Lawrence, created around 1965, depicting a protest rally. The composition features a large, gesturing figure in the foreground with outstretched arms, commanding attention and energy. Surrounding them are smaller figures raising fists and holding colorful protest signs, representing a unified movement. The background includes arches and additional demonstrators, adding depth to the scene. Lawrence's bold shapes, muted tones, and expressive figures convey the tension, passion, and solidarity of collective action during a time of social change.
Jacob Lawrence, Protest Rally, ca. 1965. Colby College Museum of Art | © 2008 Estate of Gwendolyn Knight Lawrence / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.

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